Current Issue : October - December Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 4 Articles : 5 Articles
To evaluate peri-implant bone formation following single or combined systemic administration\nof alendronate and simvastatin in healthy and osteoporotic rats, eighty female Wistar rats were\novariectomized (n = 40) or sham-operated (n = 40). At six weeks, implants were placed in femoral\ncondyles. Then, ovariectomized(OVX) andsham-operated(SHAM) animals receiveddaily subcutaneous\nalendronate (50 g/kg), simvastatin (5 mg/kg), or both, for three weeks. Control animals received\nsubcutaneous saline. Thereafter, specimens were retrieved for biomechanical testing, histological\nevaluation, and bone area (BA%) and bone-to-implant contact (BIC%). In healthy and osteoporotic\nrats, similar (p > 0.05) push-out values were observed for all groups. For BA% analysis, control rats\nshowed similar results for OVX (9.2% 2.4%) and SHAM(11.1% 3.5%) animals. In contrast, single\nor combined drug therapy significantly increased BA% compared to controls in both healthy and\nosteoporotic conditions (p < 0.05). In osteoporotic conditions, alendronate alone showed a superior\neffect on BA% compared to simvastatin alone, or their combination. Systemic alendronate, simvastatin,\nor both showed a similar BIC% compared to controls (p > 0.05). The present study demonstrates that\nsingle or combined systemic alendronate and simvastatin increases bone formation around implants\n(i.e., distance osteogenesis) in healthy and osteoporotic bone conditions. However, these drugs showed\nno beneficial effect on direct bone-to-implant contact or implant fixation....
Ongoing Ebola virus disease outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo follow\nthe largest recorded outbreak in Western Africa (2013â??2016). To combat outbreaks, testing of\nmedical countermeasures (therapeutics or vaccines) requires a well-defined, reproducible, animal\nmodel. Here we present Ebola virus disease kinetics in 24 Chinese-origin rhesus monkeys exposed\nintramuscularly to a highly characterized, commercially available Kikwit Ebola virus Filovirus\nAnimal Non-Clinical Group (FANG) stock. Until reaching predetermined clinical disease endpoint\ncriteria, six animals underwent anesthesia for repeated clinical sampling and were compared to\nsix that did not. Groups of three animals were euthanized and necropsied on days 3, 4, 5, and 6\npost-exposure, respectively. In addition, three uninfected animals served as controls. Here, we present\ndetailed characterization of clinical and laboratory disease kinetics and complete blood counts, serum\nchemistries, Ebola virus titers, and disease kinetics for future medical countermeasure (MCM) study\ndesign and control data. We measured no statistical dierence in hematology, chemistry values, or\ntime to clinical endpoint in animals that were anesthetized for clinical sampling during the acute\ndisease compared to those that were not....
Background: pectus excavatum (PE) is the most common congenital deformity of\nthe thoracic wall. Lately, significant achievements have been made in finding new, less invasive\ntreatment methods for PE. However, most of the experimental work was carried out without the help\nof an animal model. In this report we describe a method to create an animal model for PE in\nSprague-Dawley rats. Methods: We selected 15 Sprague-Dawley rat pups and divided them into\ntwo groups: 10 for the experimental group (EG) and 5 for the control group (CG). We surgically\nresected the last four pairs of costal cartilages in rats from the EG. The animals were assessed by\nCT-scan prior to surgery and weekly for four consecutive weeks. After four weeks, the animals were\neuthanized and the thoracic cage was dissected from the surrounding tissue. Results: On the first\npostoperative CT, seven days after surgery, we observed a marked depression of the lower sternum\nin all animals from the EG. This deformity was present at every CT-scan after surgery and at\nthe post-euthanasia assessment. Conclusions: By decreasing the structural strength of the lower\ncostal cartilages, we produced a PE animal model in Sprague-Dawley rats....
This study quantified changes in the DNA content and extracellular matrix composition of\nboth the cartilaginous repair tissue and the adjacent cartilage in a large animal model of a chondral\ndefect treated by subchondral drilling. Content of DNA, proteoglycans, and Type II and Type\nI collagen, as well as their dierent ratios were assessed at 6 months in vivo after treatment of\nfull-thickness cartilage defects in the femoral trochlea of adult sheep with six subchondral drill holes,\neach of either 1.0 mm or 1.8 mm in diameter by biochemical analyses of the repair tissue and the\nadjacent cartilage and compared with the original cartilage. Only subchondral drilling which were\n1.0 mm in diameter significantly increased both DNA and proteoglycan content of the repair tissue\ncompared to the original cartilage. DNA content correlated with the proteoglycan and Type II collagen\ncontent within the repair tissue. Significantly higher amounts of Type I collagen within the repair\ntissue and significantly increased DNA, proteoglycan, and Type I collagen content in the adjacent\ncartilage were identified. These translational data support the use of small-diameter bone-cutting\ndevices for marrow stimulation. Signs of early degeneration were present within the cartilaginous\nrepair tissue and the adjacent cartilage....
Glioblastoma, the most common and aggressive brain tumor with low survival rate,\nis dicult to be cured by neurosurgery or radiotherapy. Mounting evidence has reported the\nanti-inflammatory and anticancer eects of curcumin on several types of cancer in preclinical studies\nand clinical trials. To our knowledge, there is no platform or system that could be used to eectively\nand real-timely evaluate the therapeutic ecacy of curcumin for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).\nIn this study, we constructed a lentivirus vector with triple-reporter genes (Fluc/GFP/tk) and transduced\ninto rat F98 glioblastoma cells to establish an orthotopic F98/FGT glioma-bearing rat model. In the\nmodel, the therapeutic ecacies for curcumin alone, radiation alone, and their combination were\nevaluated via noninvasive bioluminescent imaging and overall survival measurements. At the\ncell level, curcumin is capable of causing a G2/M cell cycle arrest and sensitizing the F98 cells\nto radiation. In animal model, curcumin synergistically enhances the eects of radiotherapy on\nsuppressing the growth of both transplanted glioma cells and in situ brain tumors, and extending\nthe overall survival periods longer than those of curcumin alone and radiation alone treatments.\nIn conclusion, we have demonstrated that curcumin may serve as a novel radiosensitizer to combine\nwith radiotherapy using the triple-reporter F98/FGT animal model for eective and simultaneous\nevaluation of therapeutic ecacy....
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